کاربردهای چکش هیدورلیکی یا پیکور
Picor is used for crushing and breaking and this is the only important function of picor. Picor's uses can be categorized as follows:
- تخریب: چکش هیدرولیک یا پیکور به طور گسترده‌ای در پروژه های تخریب و برای شکستن سازه‌های بتنی، سنگی یا آسفالته مورد استفاده قرار می‌گیرد.
- ساخت و ساز:در پروژه های عمرانی و ساختمانی از چکش هیدرولیک (پیکور) برای حفاری سطوح سخت، شکستن سنگ‌ها برای پی‌ها و آماده‌سازی سطوح برای فعالیت‌های بعدی ساختمانی استفاده می‌شود.
- استخراج معادن: پیکور در عملیات معدن‌کاری برای شکستن سنگ های بزرگ به قطعات کوچکتر جهت جابجایی و حمل و نقل آسانتر کاربرد دارد.
- محوطه سازی: در پروژه های محوطه‌سازی برای حذف کنده‌های درخت یا شکستن تخته سنگ‌های بزرگ که مانع عملیات می‌شود استفاده می‌گردد.
قطعات چکش های هیدرولیکی (پیکور)
1-قلم چکش هیدرولیکی
Hydraulic hammers are divided into several categories depending on their application.
قلم های نوک تبری :
These pens are the most widely used type of hydraulic hammer pens and are produced in two types of forged tip and ordinary ax. These pens are produced in Iran, China and Korea and they have different prices compared to their quality, pens with forged tips have a higher price and more resistance than ordinary ax tip pens. Due to sanctions in recent years, Chinese and Iranian pens have been more in the market and Korean pens have been limited due to their high price.
قلم های نوک مدادی :
These types of tools are very suitable for destroying coarse and solid stones and in many companies, hydraulic hammers are installed on the hammer as the main tool. In our country, ax tools are preferred over these tools The ax pen has replaced all the pens with different uses, which is actually wrong.
قلم تبری نازک (جهت تخریب چوب):
These pens have a thin ax tip and are used to cut wood into pieces. This type of pen is used in a limited way in the country and is not practical.
قلم با نوک گوشتکوبی :
These pens are used to compact the soil at the end of the foundation pits of bridges and piles, the use of this pen is also limited like a thin ax pen and it is used in special works.
2- بوش چکش های هیدورلیکی(پیکور)
The bushings are divided into two types of head or bottom bushing and pen bottom bushing or pen holder or top bushing. The head bushings have edges or no edges depending on the type of open cover or closed cover of the hammer. The head bushings are much bigger than the upper or pengir bushings and are more subject to erosion. These bushings are made of MO40 alloy, and after turning, they must be hardened and ground, due to the erosion of the bushings in the anvil, the outer size of the bushings may increase and become oversize. The upper bushings are usually one piece and in some cases like MSB20G they are two pieces, the work of these bushings is to place the pen in the center for the piston to hit the pen. If the bushings are eroded and chipped, the pen will hit the piston at an angle and cause damage to the piston and the pen.
3- پین کتابی (رادپین)
Book pin is responsible for keeping the pen inside the anvil, one or two grooves are installed on the pens, through which the book pin passes and allows the pen to move along this groove. Book pins are produced in round or cubic form, with holes or without holes. These pins are fixed in place inside the anvil by a thin pin (pencil). Due to the direct connection between the rod pin and the pen, the rod pin should be less hard than the pen so that it is corroded sooner and does not damage the pen.
4-سندان چکش های هیدرولیکی :
Hydraulic hammers are divided into three parts and are connected to each other by screws. The last part of the hammer head is the anvil, inside which the pen moves. Because the anvil is exposed to wear and impact more than the other parts of the core, it is damaged and replaced much earlier than the cylinder and the barrel. The material of the anvil should be such that it is neither crushed by impact nor cracked and broken by excessive hardness. In open cover hammers, due to the direct connection of the anvil with the outside space, they are more damaged and prone to breaking than closed cover hammers.
5-پیستون پیکور بیل مکانیکی :
The hydraulic hammer system works like a big engine cylinder and drives the big piston inside the cylinder up and down. These pistons are driven down due to the oil pressure and return up with the gas command. The work of the piston is hitting the bottom of the pen and moving the pen to destroy it. An oiling kit is installed around the piston and a gas valve is installed on top of it. The quality of the piston alloy should be slightly better than the quality of the pen so that it does not get damaged or broken due to direct impact and contact with the pen.
6-سیلکیت یا کیت روغن ریزی چکش های هیدرولیکی
Any hydraulic puller needs a Silkit or lubrication kit to separate the cylinder from the anvil around the pistons. Silkits include packing, O-ring and control valve kit. The higher the quality of silicates. They are more resistant to heat. Among the famous brands in Iran, we can mention NOK from Japan, Singapore, Korea, and China, the original Susan and MSB silkits, Parker silkits, Bokwang silkits. At present, Bokwang Golden Silkits have a relatively good quality and price in the market. Korean and Chinese hammers have rand silkits in the market and there are various brands available. Some hammers, such as Atlas and Mentabert, should shave the packings and collect the rest of the silkit from the silkit sample of the hammer.
7-سیلندر چکش های هیدرولیکی :
The hammer cylinder is very effective in the impact power of the hammer. If the hammer cylinder has scratches, it must be polished and an oversized piston must be used. The cylinder of hammers has a high price and we must be diligent in maintaining it.
8-بکهد چکش هیدرولیکی :
The hydraulic hammer is closed at the end of the cylinder and gas is injected inside it. It is less susceptible to damage and can be replaced. There is a cruciform shock absorber behind the back, which is restrained by the hammer bracket.
9- شیرکنترل پیکور(چکش هیدرولیکی )
Hydraulic hammers are divided into two systems: external control valve and internal control valve. Control valves have a shell, a spool, and several reliefs, as well as a part for installing a gas diaphragm under it. The control valve kit is usually damaged, and in some cases, the spools are also replaced.
10- قطعات جانبی چکش های هیدرولیکی
The side parts of hydraulic hammers include two diaphragm hoses, gassing needle, gassing kit and manometer, bracket bushings, bracket bolts and nuts, and the bracket itself, as well as hammer wrenches in sizes 68 and 72. The quality of these parts can increase the life of the hammer and prevent damage to other parts.